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The case against omitting systematic biopsy in younger men
In this issue of European Urology, Al-Monajjed et al. report findings from the PROBASE trial, which evaluated prostate cancer (PC) detection in men aged 45–50 years with PSA ≥3ng/ml using both MRI-targeted biopsy (TBx) and systematic biopsy (SBx). Among 525...
Boosting the immune response to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin
In this issue of European Urology, Buisan et al. report early clinical and immunological outcomes of subcutaneous priming with the non-live mycobacterium tuberculosis RUTI vaccine prior to intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The phase...
The emerging role of artificial intelligence in endourology
In an editorial written by Miernik, the growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) in urology, particularly in endourology, is critically appraised, with a focus on a novel study by Lu et al. published in this issue of BJUI. Ureteroscopy with...
PARP inhibitors and prostate cancer
The discovery that BRCA1/2-deficient tumour cells are highly sensitive to poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) established the foundation of synthetic lethality in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The TOPARP-A trial confirmed clinical benefit, with PARPi activity largely restricted to...
Characteristics of testicular tumours in prepubertal children
It is well known that testicular tumours in children occur in one of two peaks. Firstly, in the first four years of life where a third to half of these tumours are benign and secondly during puberty where there is...
Using bladder diary data to tailor treatments for night wetting
Primary nocturnal enuresis affects 10–16% of seven-year-old children and has a social, emotional and psychological impact on the affected child. Pathogenesis involves abnormal bladder reservoir function, nocturnal polyuria and an inability to wake up before emptying of the bladder. Desmopressin...
Upper pole access is safe and effective for paediatric percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Upper pole access for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) provides a straight access tract to the ureter with easier placement of a guidewire, good exposure of the pelvis and upper ureter, and comfortable manipulations for the treatment of staghorn, large upper caliceal,...
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy: wisdom, dogma, paradigm and myths
A non-transpapillary technique appears to ease access to the kidney – the most critical step in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) – when compared to the classic transpapillary approach. Remarkably, the earliest descriptions of percutaneous access by Goodwin et al. in 1955...
BCG strain differences have an impact on clinical outcome in bladder cancer immunotherapy
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been part of the treatment algorithm for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) for a number of years. In this single centre, prospective, randomised trial, two of the most commonly available strains, BCG Connaught and BCG Tice,...
ESWL and URS for treatment of paediatric urolithiasis
Tejwani et al. have undertaken a comparative effectiveness study to characterise differences in procedure frequency, postoperative re-admissions and emergency room (ER) visits, and repeat treatment rates for children (≤18 years) with urolithiasis who underwent initial intervention with extracorporeal shock wave...
Testicular masses – can the testis be spared?
The standard practice for testicular masses confirmed on ultrasound has been to offer an inguinal orchidectomy, on the presumption that the mass represents testicular cancer. The growing use of scrotal ultrasound for various indications has led to an increase in...
