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Renal stones: an American perspective

This study is from Dallas, USA and appears on the front cover of the BMJ. About 1 in 11 people will have a kidney stone at some point in their lifetime. There is a linear increase in stone prevalence in...

Non-antibiotic options for recurrent UTI

Recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) imposes a heavy burden on health services. By definition recurrent UTI is two infections in six months or three in one year. The annual incidence of single UTI is 30 per 1000 women. The Scottish...

Guideline of guidelines – testosterone therapy for testosterone deficiency

The authors conducted an internet search and analysed guidelines for testosterone therapy (TTh) produced by the American Urological Association (AUA), European Association of Urology (EAU), American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), British Society of Sexual Medicine (BSSM), Endocrine Society (ES),...

Urinary diversion and infections

This article will be of interest to colleagues undertaking reconstructive surgery. Urinary diversions have been performed for decades. Common indications are muscle-invasive bladder cancer, neurological disorders, inflammatory conditions and congenital malformation. The diversions could be continent or non-continent. Complications due...

Benign prostatic hyperplasia: what are the benefits and harms of various surgical management options?

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is characterised by stromal and epithelial prostatic cell hyperplasia. The enlarged prostate may be associated with voiding and storage lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). These have been predominantly attributed to bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), assumed to...

Things in a place they should not be!

In this series of articles I am going to show you some of the exhibits contained in the Museum of Urology, hosted on the BAUS website (www.baus.org.uk). I think we all have stories of objects inserted into the urethra and...

Prostate cancer series: diagnostics 2

- Click here for Part 1 - A 68-year-old male was referred to the two-week wait prostatic clinic with a serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) of 17. He had no bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms, relevant past medical history or...

Cystolithotripsy using the holmium laser: evolving uses for the laser lithotrite

This small prospective study examined 20 patients who were undergoing laser cystolithotripsy for bladder stones. Laser lithotripsy was performed using either a 365 or 550µm holmium:YAG laser fibre with a power setting of 1.0J and a frequency of 10Hz. Stone...

Recent developments in bladder cancer – MIBC

This article takes a look back over recent years at new innovations and developments relating to muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) specifically, and will also touch upon what the future may hold. This article is also written as a continuation of...

Are standard repeat biopsies during active surveillance for prostate cancer still necessary?

Active surveillance (AS) has emerged as a key strategy for managing low-risk prostate cancer (PCa), offering an alternative to immediate treatment. Initially, AS relied on prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing, digital rectal examinations (DRE), and systematic biopsies. Early studies using...

Retroperitoneal sepsis

Case 1 An 80-year-old woman presented with history of recurrent and recent cystitis, low grade pyrexia, abdominal and back pain, and pain on movement of the left hip which was observed to be flexed and externally rotated. What is the...

Functional and reconstructive urology

Case 1 A 45-year-old female presents with a one-year history of urinary leakage, especially worse on coughing. She is otherwise well, with no co-morbidities. What is the International Continence Society (ICS) definition of stress urinary incontinence (SUI)? What are the...