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Why are urology consultants leaving full-time NHS practice?

The early retirement of experienced doctors in the UK poses a significant challenge to healthcare provision, particularly in urology, where workforce shortages are exacerbated by high attrition rates among both trainees and consultants. While career dynamics in high-income countries have...

Renal masses

Case 1 A 70-year-old female presented under the medical team with malaise, weight loss, and deranged liver function tests (LFTs) and calcium (ALP 350, GGT 650, Serum bilirubin 29, normal aminotransferases, Ca 3.3). An abdominal ultrasound scan (USS) was performed...

Radiological appearances of renal vascular anatomical variants

The purpose of this article is to explain and illustrate common renal vascular variants that can be depicted with imaging. Renal vessels commonly present a wide range of variations [1]; before major renal or vascular surgery is undertaken, accurate portrayal...

Infections and inflammation: Part 2

See also Part 1 and Part 3. Case 1 A 43-year-old lady presented to the urologist with a history of pain during bladder filling and associated frequency / urgency. She underwent standard microbiological and radiological investigations that are normal. She...

Urinary retention in women: what a general urologist should know

Urinary retention (UR) is classified by the International Continence Society (ICS) into acute (AUR) and chronic (CUR). AUR is defined as the “inability to pass any urine despite having a full bladder which is painfully distended and readily palpable or...

Does coiling of the proximal end of the ureteral stent affect stent-related symptoms?

Ureteral stents, first described by Zimskind in 1967, have become a critical tool in modern urology. They are widely used in various endourological procedures to drain obstructed or infected renal units and as a safety measure before or after surgeries....

Richard Wolf Range Update

Richard Wolf a global business with headquarters in Germany and over a century of tradition and expertise in the field of endoscopy. We develop, manufacture and market specific system solutions for minimally invasive human medicine.

Adults with myelomeningocoele: life situation and bladder and bowel management

Long-term outcome studies of patients to include what happens at transition to adulthood are rare but increasing in the literature as paediatric urologists are questioning their long-term results more deeply. These authors aimed to assess life situation and bladder and...

A greener urology

Healthcare in England is responsible for 4-5% of the country’s carbon footprint which is defined as the amount of greenhouse gasses, primarily carbon dioxide, released into the atmosphere by a particular activity. The six greenhouse gasses which vary in their...

Lifestyle interventions for UI in women

Lifestyle interventions for urinary incontinence (UI) are supported by all major guidelines. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline (CG171) from September 2013 (updated November 2015) [1] recommends lifestyle advice including dietary modifications such as caffeine reduction,...

Male infertility

Definitions Infertility is the inability of a sexually active, non-contracepting couple to achieve spontaneous pregnancy in one year [1]. About 15% of couples do not achieve pregnancy within one year and seek medical treatment for infertility. Semen parameters are standardised...

History of prostate biopsy – part 2

For Part 1 of this topic is available here. The major limitations of the transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy (PBx) protocols are the risk of profound sepsis and the risk of persistently significant false negative rates, related to the...