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Complications of CISC

Introduction Clean intermittent self catheterisation (CISC) was first introduced and popularised by Lapides in 1972. Since then its utilisation has become widespread and it is now commonly used throughout the world as the preferred means of facilitating complete and effective...

Use of bone windows in urological CT

Introduction Unenhanced computed tomography of kidneys, ureter and bladder (CTKUB) is the recommended gold standard investigation in patients with acute renal colic. CT urography is now a commonly used technique in the investigation of haematuria, for surgical planning and for...

Conservative management of pelviureteric junction

Background Pelviureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) is defined as a functionally significant impairment of urine flow from the renal pelvis into the proximal ureter. For more than a century, surgery was considered the first-choice approach to management. However, the widespread use...

Retroperitoneal sepsis

Case 1 An 80-year-old woman presented with history of recurrent and recent cystitis, low grade pyrexia, abdominal and back pain, and pain on movement of the left hip which was observed to be flexed and externally rotated. What is the...

Urological trauma – part 2

Part 1 of this topic is available here. Case 1 A 29-year-old male was attacked and kicked in his left flank. He presented to the emergency department with left flank pain and frank haematuria. He remained haemodynamically stable. 1. What...

The microbial syndicate: dysbiosis and origins of recurrent UTIs

Traditional dogma held that urine was sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed an underground microbial community, known as the urinary microbiome or ‘urobiome’ [1]. Far from being harmful, this community of microorganisms helps modulate immune responses, regulate inflammation, and...

Saints preserve us!

In this series of articles I am going to show you some of the exhibits contained in the Museum of Urology, hosted on the BAUS website www.baus.org.uk. A saint is a holy person; the word derives from the Latin word...

Paediatric urology: what you need to know for FRCS (Urol)

Lianne Pickett, Urology ST5 at Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), and Ms Neetu Kumar, Consultant Paediatric Urological Surgeon at GOSH, provide expert insights into the key aspects of paediatric urology. Curriculum Paediatric urology contributes one of the eight stations of...

Risk factors for CKD following treatment for RCC

This paper concerns the prevention of chronic kidney disease (CKD) following treatment for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Over the last 10 years, partial nephrectomy has played an increasing role in the management of RCC, especially T1a disease. It has been...

Things in a place they should not be!

In this series of articles I am going to show you some of the exhibits contained in the Museum of Urology, hosted on the BAUS website (www.baus.org.uk). I think we all have stories of objects inserted into the urethra and...

Tackling stones in children: is it difficult to crack on?

The incidence of stone disease in the paediatric population has been increasing worldwide, particularly for the adolescent age group (12–17 years of age). In this article the authors discussed the evolutions of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and ureteroscopy (URS) in children....

Secondary bladder cancer following upper tract urothelial cancer

Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) comprises <5% of all urothelial cancers. A certain proportion of patients with UTUC will develop secondary bladder urothelial cancer (BUC). This paper has retrospectively examined records obtained from several cancer USA population-based registries of more...