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The assessment and medical treatment of LUTS secondary to BPH
The term benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) describes prostate enlargement due to non-cancerous processes. Several aetiological mechanisms are involved, including hormonal and vascular alterations; abnormal regulation of apoptosis; and prostatic inflammation, which may stimulate cellular proliferation. With ageing, prostate enlargement can...A short history of nephrectomy
In this series of articles I am going to show you some of the exhibits contained in the Museum of Urology, hosted on the BAUS website (www.baus.org.uk). In the last article I promised to tell you about removing kidneys, by...Functional and reconstructive urology
Case 1 A 45-year-old female presents with a one-year history of urinary leakage, especially worse on coughing. She is otherwise well, with no co-morbidities. What is the International Continence Society (ICS) definition of stress urinary incontinence (SUI)? What are the...How to organise a urology taster week as a foundation trainee
Current exposure to urology in medical undergraduate curriculums is relatively sparse in comparison to the other surgical specialties with one study reporting just 42% of students having a compulsory attachment. These attachments were an average length of just one week...HIV / AIDS – implications for the urologist
“It’s no fun to have HIV even though it’s viewed as a chronic, controllable disease. It means being wedded to the health system.” - Philip Berger, Associate Professor in the Department of Family and Community Medicine, Toronto, Canada; and leading...
Tamsulosin and spontaneous passage of ureteral stones in children
This was a retrospective analysis of data for five years from four institutions comparing stone passage rates in children with ureteric stones ≤10mm, aged 2-18, treated with tamsulosin vs. analgesia alone. The study identified 449 children, of whom 334 were...
Selective denervation of the bladder
The treatment of refractory overactive bladder is currently limited to neuromodulation (sacral nerve stimulation or percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation) or botulinum toxin injections. Although all these options are valuable, they have their own limitations and may not be suitable for...
Hypospadias – can urologists achieve the unachievable?
US News & World Report (USNWR) provide rankings on a wide range of topics (education, health, money, travel, cars and law firms). In terms of healthcare, they suggest that their rankings (based on metrics) are a tool that can help...
Is robotic pyeloplasty in the under-ones as good as open repair?
Pelviureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) is a common cause of paediatric hydronephrosis. Indications for intervention include reduced renal function (<40%), symptoms (urinary tract infection or pain) and increasing dilatation. Although the Anderson-Hynes open pyeloplasty (OP) has long been the gold standard...
Scrotal antegrade sclerotherapy for the adolescent varicocele
The incidence of varicocele in adolescent males is around 15%. Treatment indications include symptoms (pain) and evidence of a smaller testis. Numerous surgical techniques are described but there is a lack of randomised controlled trials (RCT), specifically in adolescents. This...
Stenting prior to URS or ESWL – does it increase ED visits and opiate prescriptions?
Ureteral stents are used to bypass obstructive stones, to dilate the ureter in order to facilitate ureteroscopy (URS), and to maintain patency / low intrarenal pressure following stone surgery. However, there can be morbidity (pain / voiding symptoms). Tasian et...
