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Increasing patient hydration through technology

Achieving optimal hydration is crucial particularly for patients with nephrolithiasis. Research suggests that intake should approach 2.5–3.5 litres per day to allow for the daily excretion of 2–3 litres of dilute urine [1]. Unfortunately, patient compliance is known to be...

Balanitis xerotica obliterans

Balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) / lichen sclerosus of the male genitalia is a common cause of acquired phimosis, and was first described by Stuhmer in 1928 [1]. It is described in medical literature as a chronic inflammatory condition of unknown...

Inguino-scrotal sarcomas

A sarcoma is a malignant tumour that originates from mesenchymal cells such as adipose tissue, bone, cartilage and smooth muscle. Although these tumours histologically do not originate from the urogenital tract, urologists are often involved in their diagnosis and management...

LUTS update

Case study A 70-year-old, generally fit and well male attends your outpatient clinic. He has experienced a gradual deterioration in his voiding over the last few months. Specifically, he reports hesitancy, poor flow and nocturia. He denies visible haematuria. His...

Does maternal exposure during pregnancy to higher ambient temperature increase the risk of hypospadias?

The search for the causes of hypospadias continues at a pace. These authors from Turkey extrapolated other findings about the higher incidence of congenital anomalies in babies during summer months’ gestation to studying the risks of high ambient temperature during...

Saints preserve us!

In this series of articles I am going to show you some of the exhibits contained in the Museum of Urology, hosted on the BAUS website www.baus.org.uk. A saint is a holy person; the word derives from the Latin word...

Risk stratified approach to early intervention for renal colic

Existing guidance on this topic is based on older and smaller studies, and there remains variation in practice. This review of database outcomes of 1168 out of 3081 (38%) patients who underwent early intervention after presentation to nine Canadian emergency...

Urethral pain syndrome – is there a light at the end of the tunnel?

Urethral pain syndrome (UPS) is defined in the 2014 EAU Guidelines as the occurrence of chronic or recurrent episodic pain perceived in the urethra, in the absence of proven infection or other obvious local pathology. UPS is often associated with...

Transplant urology at Guy’s Hospital: making the most of a year out before specialty training

It was gutting to miss out on urology at national selection on my first attempt. The ST3 application has become increasingly competitive and this means more appointable trainees find themselves looking to plan B. The options available can be daunting...

Is surgical antibiotic prophylaxis necessary for paediatric orchiopexy?

With the rise of resistant organisms to most commonly used antibiotics, there is a plea for judicious use of antibiotics, especially for clean surgical procedures. Potential adverse events associated with antibiotic use include allergic reaction (including anaphylaxis), clostridium difficile infection,...

Technology – Part 2

Case 1 Name the machine shown in the picture and describe how it works. What is the standard frequency of ultrasound waves in this machine? What frequency of ultrasound waves are utilised in an abdominal and scrotal ultrasound? Case 2...

Prostate cancer series: diagnostics 1

- Click here for Part 2 - A 58-year-old male is referred to your rapid access prostate clinic with a prostate specific antigen (PSA) of 6.0ng/ml. He has no lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), past medical history (PMH), or family...