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Clinical visit for PCNL experience: Agra, India

In September 2015, I travelled to India for a two-week clinical visit with Professor Madhu Sudan Agrawal at the Global Rainbow Hospital, Agra. Having completed my training I wanted to further develop my skills with PCNL, particularly with regards to...

DUS Annual Meeting 2025 – a story from Nyborg Strand

13–15 November 2025 / Funen, Denmark Naomi Nadler, Urology Resident; Rose Laursen, Urology Resident; and Stine Hedegaard, Consultant Urologist, Department of Urology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark. Every November, the urological community of Denmark migrates to the central island Funen...

Lasers in urology

1. What does LASER stand for? 2. What elements are involved and how is a LASER created? 3. The following cases involve laser surgery. Can you diagnose the pathology, identify which type of lasers can be used, and their wavelengths?...

Bladder outlet obstruction

Case 1 Define the zonal anatomy of the prostate: A, B and C What is the significance of Zone A and Zone C? Clasify the types of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) Which investigations should be routinely undertaken for a...

Urological trauma – part 1

Part 2 of this topic is available here. Case 1 A 45-year-old male presented with acute onset abdominal pain following a fall whilst out drinking. A CT cystogram was arranged as he developed haematuria and acute renal impairment. 1. What...

Urinary incontinence in women – part 2: management

In the second part of our comprehensive overview of urinary incontinence (UI) the authors explore the plethora of treatment options for this complex condition. (Part 1 available here). Conservative management Initial treatment of incontinence should be conservative. Caffeine reduction and...

Practical surgical management of chronic testicular pain

Chronic testicular pain (CTP) is defined as constant or intermittent, unilateral or bilateral testicular pain of more than three months’ duration, which significantly interferes with the daily activities of the patient prompting medical advice [1-4]. This condition is commonly seen...

Patient decision aids in the management of stress urinary incontinence

Urinary incontinence is a common condition faced by up to 20-50% of women, which impairs quality of life and poses a significant socioeconomic burden to both the individual women involved and more widely to the NHS [1]. The overall cost...

Male urethrograms

An ascending urethrogram is the best initial radiographic technique to image a male patient’s urethra and is indicated for strictures, fistulae, trauma and urethral obstruction [1]. It is quick and straightforward to perform and is performed using an 8Fr Foley...

How do we tackle social injustice in urological cancer?

Socioeconomic status as an established determinant of health and associated injustices is well recognised. Confronting these injustices and creating a fairer healthcare system is an ongoing challenge for many governments. In Scotland, the devolved government has created the Scottish Index...

Metabolic stone disease for urology trainees

Urolithiasis continues to be a heavy burden on the worldwide medical infrastructure with an estimated 106 million cases recorded internationally in 2021 [1]. Whilst incidence rates have started to decline across Europe and high-income North America, there are emerging hotspots...

Priapism in sickle cell disease

What is sickle cell disease? Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common single-gene disorders in the UK affecting approximately one in every 2000 live births. Approximately 20-25 million people worldwide have SCD. It predominately affects those of...