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Surgical treatment of LUTS secondary to BPH

For the vast majority of patients an initial trial of medical therapy for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is indicated [1]. In a substantial minority of cases however, a surgical intervention...

Urinary incontinence in women – part 1: terminology and diagnosis

Introduction Urinary incontinence (UI) is the involuntary and often embarrassing leakage of urine. It is a condition that is both under-reported and under-diagnosed, and when reported it is, unfortunately, often not assessed and managed adequately. Incontinence of urine is encountered...

Complications of CISC

Introduction Clean intermittent self catheterisation (CISC) was first introduced and popularised by Lapides in 1972. Since then its utilisation has become widespread and it is now commonly used throughout the world as the preferred means of facilitating complete and effective...

The NICE Guideline on Urinary Incontinence: the management of urinary incontinence in women

Background Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common symptom that can affect women of all ages. It is difficult to estimate the prevalence of UI since it is often under-reported, although the Norwegian EPINCONT study looking at women over 20 reported...

Mechanisms and prevention of catheterisation associated urethral injury (CAUI)

Urethral catheterisation is a common procedure performed by health professionals across different grades and specialties in a variety of clinical settings. An estimated 15-25% of hospitalised patients have a urinary catheter inserted during their inpatient stay and up to 13%...

Pyonephrosis: is the kidney always doomed?

Pyonephrosis (Greek pyon ‘pus’ + nephros ‘kidney’) is defined in Campbell-Walsh Urology [1] as an infected hydro-nephrosis associated with suppurative destruction of the renal parenchyma which results in total or near total loss of renal function. The true incidence of...