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Ketamine uropathy – an update

The first two case series that documented the association between urinary tract damage and recreational ketamine use were published 12 years ago [1,2]. Since then ketamine has maintained a controversial profile as an essential medication of expanding utility but with...

Clear cell urothelial carcinoma: a highly aggressive morphological variant in the bladder and upper urinary tract

Clear cell urothelial carcinoma (CCUC) is a rare morphological variant of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). It can occur anywhere along the urothelial tract and is characterised histologically by high grade carcinoma with an abundance of clear, glycogen-rich cytoplasm [1]. Alternative...

MRI screening for prostate cancer: a step towards a ‘prostagram’

The UK National Screening Committee has been calling for further research into alternative screening tests for prostate cancer. The committee decided against prostate cancer screening using prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing on the basis that “PSA is still a poor...

Should it be a mandatory requirement for medical students to receive the COVID-19 vaccine to attend clinical attachments?

The vast majority of medical students have positive attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine for themselves and patients, however, what about the small inevitable minority who resist it? Should they be prevented from attending clinical attachments in the NHS? It is...

Orchid: fighting male cancer for over 25 years

Orchid was established in 1996 by a young testicular cancer patient, Colin Osborne MBE, and the oncologist who saved his life, Professor Tim Oliver MD, FRCP. The charity exists to save men’s lives from testicular, penile, and prostate cancers and...

The future of bladder-sparing therapy is bright

Trimodal therapy (TMT), combining optimal transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy, has garnered significant attention for managing muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). This approach offers the potential for bladder preservation while delivering oncological outcomes comparable to radical cystectomy....

Male infertility

Definitions Infertility is the inability of a sexually active, non-contracepting couple to achieve spontaneous pregnancy in one year [1]. About 15% of couples do not achieve pregnancy within one year and seek medical treatment for infertility. Semen parameters are standardised...

What exactly is Hinman Syndrome?

Who was Hinman and what is Hinman Syndrome? Frank Hinman Junior (1915–2011) first described ‘Hinman syndrome’ in the 1970s – a condition also known as a ‘non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder’. He was a renowned American urologist, educator and skilful artist and...

Urodynamics – A quick pocket guide

This is an absolute requisite of a book for anyone in urology whatever their stage of development. For the experienced it provides some useful teaching tips and for the beginner even a cursory read will make you feel like a...

BPS – a diagnostic enigma

This article from a London teaching hospital presents the results of a Medline search about challenges in bladder pain syndrome. All the known definitions from the American Urological Association (AUA), European Association of Urology (EAU), etc. are given while the...

The bulbocavernosus reflex

Despite its first discovery predating the early-1940s, clinical application of the bulbocavernosus reflex (BCR) has been limited to date. The BCR traditionally involves contraction of the bulbo- and ischiocavernosus pelvic floor muscles, often referred to as the ‘bulbocavernosus muscle’, in...

Upper urinary tract urothelial cell carcinoma

Case 1 A 64-year-old man presents to the haematuria clinic with visible haematuria, on a background of a 40 pack-year smoking history and family history of bowel cancer in his sister at the age of 48. A CT was performed...