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143 results found

Urine leak post partial nephrectomy: a case for lower tract before upper tract

4 June 2025 | | URO - Core Urology, URO - Urologic Oncology, URO - Uroradiology
Partial nephrectomy has become the standard of care in the management of small renal masses. It is a vital tool in maximising nephron preservation and oncological control for patients. It has been shown to produce equivalent oncological outcomes to radical...

Challenges of upper tract urothelial carcinoma

1 July 2022 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
Upper tract uroepithelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a fairly common disease which traditionally had poorer outcomes compared to bladder cancer. This is due to various factors leading to delayed diagnosis and problems in risk stratification. Continuing efforts have focused on early...

Imaging and surveillance in sporadic renal angiomyolipoma: how and when to monitor effectively

4 March 2025 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) are benign tumours, accounting for approximately 2–3% of all renal neoplasms [1]. Seventy percent of renal AMLs are sporadic, and 20–30% are associated with genetic aetiology. They are composed of smooth muscle, blood vessels, and adipose tissue....

Penile fracture

1 May 2018 | | URO - Uroradiology, URO - Trauma & Emergency, URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology
Traumatic rupture of the tunica albuginea with either one or both corpora cavernosa of the penis is known as penile fracture. This may be associated with corpus spongiosum or urethral injury. Incidence Penile fracture was reported for the first time...

Upper tract abnormalities

11 July 2023 | | URO - Paediatric Urology, URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology
Case 1 Figure 1. A 26-year-old female presents to A&E with loin pain. What do the CT images in Figures 1 (left, centre and right) show? What is the prevalence of the congenital anomaly in the general population, and is...

Neuroendocrine bladder tumour

5 February 2025 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
A 75-year-old male with a history of prostate adenocarcinoma (T3b/T4 N1 M1b, Gleason 4+3) on Zoladex® and enzalutamide, presented with visible haematuria. His prostate specific antigen (PSA) had decreased from 43.6ug/L in December 2022 to 0.02ug/L. He also had a...

Sexually transmitted infections

1 May 2018 | URO - Infection, URO - Trauma & Emergency
Case 1 A 27-year-old man presents to the clinic with multiple asymptomatic penile lesions. 1. What is the diagnosis? 2. What are the likely pathogens which cause these lesions? 3. What treatment options are available to treat these lesions? 4....

Ureteric strictures

1 May 2014 | | URO - Endourology & Stones, URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology
Case 1 What is this investigation? What are the findings of this investigation? What are the causes for this? What are the treatment options? Case 2 Image 1. Image 2. What do these X-Ray KUB films show? What are the...

Urological Complications of Malignancy

1 January 2014 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
Case 1 1. What does this sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan show? 2. Which cancers commonly cause this? 3. What is the acute management? Case 2 1. What is the diagnosis? 2. What local effects can this mass cause?...

Female and functional

13 March 2023 | | URO - Core Urology
Case 1 A 65-year-old woman presents with an 18-month history of “recurrent urinary tract infections” (rUTI). She is otherwise fit and well with no underlying medical problems and no lower urinary tract symptoms. What is the definition of a UTI...

Purple urine bag syndrome

1 July 2021 | | URO - Infection, URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology, URO - Trauma & Emergency
Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) is an uncommon phenomenon where the tubing and urinary catheter bag is noticed to undergo purple discolouration. This has been linked with urinary tract infections (UTI), chronic debilitated states and prolonged catheterisation. PUBS was noticed...

Recent developments in bladder cancer – NMIBC

3 May 2022 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
Every year, roughly 10,300 individuals are diagnosed with bladder cancer in the UK, making it the 11th most common cancer in the UK, and the eighth most common cancer in men [1]. Of those diagnosed with the disease, 75-85% will...