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Artificial penile pearls: what every Urologist should know!

1 July 2019 | | URO - Andrology, URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology, URO - Infection, URO - Trauma & Emergency
Penile implants are inert objects placed beneath the skin of the penis through an incision. These are variously referred to as Yakuza beads, pearls, ball bearings, speed bumps, penile marbles, inserts, etc. The term ‘penile implant’ described here should not...

Nephrocalcinosis

1 May 2017 | | URO - Endourology & Stones
Case 1 What does this x-ray of the kidney, ureter and bladder (KUB) show? What are the likely causes? What is the pathology behind medullary sponge kidneys (MSK)? What is the risk of urolithiasis with MSK? How are such patients...

Infections and inflammation: Part 2

1 March 2019 | URO - Infection, URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology, URO - Trauma & Emergency
See also Part 1 and Part 3. Case 1 A 43-year-old lady presented to the urologist with a history of pain during bladder filling and associated frequency / urgency. She underwent standard microbiological and radiological investigations that are normal. She...

Prostate cancer

8 November 2021 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
Case 1 A 65-year-old man is referred to your two-week wait (2WW) clinic with a PSA of 7.0ng/mL. He has no lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), no past medical history, no family history of prostate cancer (PCa) and his performance...

A review of the diagnosis and management of urethral caruncles

1 November 2017 | | URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology
Introduction The innocuous urethral caruncle is the most common benign urethral lesion in females. It can pose a significant challenge to urologists due to the plethora of differentials and poor evidence surrounding management. In 1926, Ferrier eloquently described the macroscopic...

Erectile Dysfunction Part I: pathophysiology and risk factors

1 March 2014 | | URO - Andrology
Introduction Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the inability to achieve and maintain a penile erection, which is adequate for satisfactory sexual intercourse. The Massachusetts Male Ageing Study (MMAS) reported the results of a regional survey of men aged 40–69...

Urolithiasis 2 – extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy

4 March 2026 | | URO - Endourology & Stones, URO - Uroradiology
- Click for Part 1 and Part 3 on this topic - Case scenario A 37-year-old male presents to A&E with 12 hours of intermittent, severe, left-sided loin to groin pain and multiple episodes of vomiting. Urine dipstick shows 2+...

Pyonephrosis: is the kidney always doomed?

9 March 2020 | | URO - Endourology & Stones
Pyonephrosis (Greek pyon ‘pus’ + nephros ‘kidney’) is defined in Campbell-Walsh Urology [1] as an infected hydro-nephrosis associated with suppurative destruction of the renal parenchyma which results in total or near total loss of renal function. The true incidence of...

Kidney stones in pregnancy

4 March 2026 | | URO - Endourology & Stones, URO - Trauma & Emergency, URO - Uroradiology
Urolithiasis related complications are estimated to affect between 1:200 and 1:2000 pregnancies [1,2]. With around 825,000 conceptions in England and Wales in 2021 [3], this represents an uncommon but not rare occurrence. What is normally a straightforward pathway for a...

Feeling like a fraud — imposter syndrome: what it is and what to do about it

17 April 2024 | | URO - Core Urology
Have you ever been plagued by feelings of incompetence despite evidence to the contrary, then this article is for you. Dr Dunay Schmulian provides insight into imposter syndrome and what to do about it. Excerpt 1 Consultant:That was excellent, and...

Urine leak post partial nephrectomy: a case for lower tract before upper tract

4 June 2025 | | URO - Core Urology, URO - Urologic Oncology, URO - Uroradiology
Partial nephrectomy has become the standard of care in the management of small renal masses. It is a vital tool in maximising nephron preservation and oncological control for patients. It has been shown to produce equivalent oncological outcomes to radical...

A negative ureteroscopy for stone disease: is it acceptable and is it avoidable?

1 September 2018 | | URO - Endourology & Stones
Urinary tract stone disease and the consequent demand for endoscopic intervention in the upper urinary tract is an increasing phenomenon [1]. Although ureteroscopy is generally considered to be associated with low morbidity [2], risks do exist. Recognised complications include urothelial...