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Introduction to prostate cryotherapy

1 May 2015 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
Introduction Cryotherapy was first described by Dr James Arnott in 1850 where he used crushed ice and salt to get temperatures as low as -24oC, in the treatment of cervical and breast tumours [1]. The literature on prostatic cryotherapy dates...

Surgical risk prediction

1 November 2017 | | URO - Technology
Patients presenting for urological surgery range from the young and fit to the elderly with multiple, and often significant, coexistent diseases. This latter cohort can present a significant challenge in the perioperative period, sometimes irrespective of the type of surgery....

Clinical visit for PCNL experience: Agra, India

1 July 2016 | | URO - Endourology & Stones
In September 2015, I travelled to India for a two-week clinical visit with Professor Madhu Sudan Agrawal at the Global Rainbow Hospital, Agra. Having completed my training I wanted to further develop my skills with PCNL, particularly with regards to...

Imaging and surveillance in sporadic renal angiomyolipoma: how and when to monitor effectively

4 March 2025 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) are benign tumours, accounting for approximately 2–3% of all renal neoplasms [1]. Seventy percent of renal AMLs are sporadic, and 20–30% are associated with genetic aetiology. They are composed of smooth muscle, blood vessels, and adipose tissue....

Sexual dysfunction following prostate cancer treatment

4 March 2024 | | URO - Andrology, URO - Urologic Oncology
Prostate cancer is common with over 52,300 new cases diagnosed annually in the UK; this is expected to rise by 15% between 2023-2025 and 2038-2040 [1]. Radical prostatectomy continues to be the most common form of radical treatment for men...

Bladder cancer: where are we with intravesical therapies?

1 July 2016 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
In the United Kingdom, almost 10,500 new cases of bladder cancer were identified in 2013, with over 5000 deaths in 2012 [1]. Seventy percent of new cases will be non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) at diagnosis and therefore will be...

Lasers in benign prostatic hyperplasia

1 January 2014 | | URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology, URO - Technology
Clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) impacts on the quality of life of many men. It is intimately related to ageing, but exact calculations of its prevalence remain difficult since an accurate clinical definition still eludes us. Histological BPH has been...

Demanding cases or nightmares in uro-oncology? May/Jun 2022

3 May 2022 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
Delayed diagnosis of testicular cancer Testicular cancer is considered rare in the general population but is the most common cancer affecting males between 24 and 49 years. The diagnosis of testicular cancer depends on physical examination, ultrasound findings and tumour...

Male infertility

1 May 2018 | | URO - Andrology
Definitions Infertility is the inability of a sexually active, non-contracepting couple to achieve spontaneous pregnancy in one year [1]. About 15% of couples do not achieve pregnancy within one year and seek medical treatment for infertility. Semen parameters are standardised...

Genital gender affirmation surgery for transgender men

5 May 2021 | | URO - Andrology, URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology
Genital gender affirmation surgery (GAS) is the final step in the transition journey for transgender men. Genital GAS involves a combination of procedures to surgically align physical characteristics with one’s gender identity. These needs change between each individual depending on...

The impact of menopause on bladder symptoms

11 July 2023 | | URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology, URO - Infection
The menopause is a natural process of ageing when the ovaries completely stop producing reproductive hormones (oestrogen and other sex steroids), and there are no monthly periods for 12 consecutive months. It normally occurs between the ages of 45-55 years...

LUTS update

8 January 2024 | | URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology
Case study A 70-year-old, generally fit and well male attends your outpatient clinic. He has experienced a gradual deterioration in his voiding over the last few months. Specifically, he reports hesitancy, poor flow and nocturia. He denies visible haematuria. His...